There are different approaches when it comes to performing proper CPR. In the USA, Europe, and other parts of the world, people can be taught slightly different techniques, which may change over the years as more studies are conducted yearly. The main difference is usually in the approach to “rescue breathing". Proper CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) techniques are crucial for responding effectively to emergencies involving cardiac arrest or situations where a person's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. The Singapore Resuscitation and First Aid Council (SRFAC) oversees guidelines and training standards for CPR and first aid procedures in the country. Here's an overview of proper CPR techniques in Singapore:

1. Assess the Situation: Before starting CPR, assess the scene for any potential hazards and ensure that it's safe to approach the victim. Check for responsiveness by tapping the person's shoulder and asking loudly, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, the person is not breathing normally, or there are signs of cardiac arrest, immediate CPR is necessary.

2. Call for Help: In Singapore, call the emergency services number, 995, to request an ambulance. Provide clear and concise information about the situation, including the location and condition of the victim. If there are bystanders nearby, instruct someone to call for help while you initiate CPR.

3. Perform Chest Compressions:

• Position the person on their back on a firm surface.

• Kneel beside the person's chest.

• Place the heel of one hand in the center of the person's chest (between the nipples) and place the other hand on top.

• Keep your arms straight and position your shoulders directly over your hands.

• Perform chest compressions by pressing down firmly and quickly to a depth of about 5-6 centimeters (2-2.5 inches).

• Perform compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions.

4. Open the Airway and Perform Rescue Breaths:

• Tilt the person's head back slightly and lift the chin to open the airway.

• Pinch the person's nose closed with your fingers.

• Give two rescue breaths, each lasting about one second, while watching for the chest to rise.

• If the chest does not rise, reposition the head and attempt rescue breaths again.

5. Continue CPR: After giving two rescue breaths, return to chest compressions. Continue cycles of 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths until help arrives or the person shows signs of movement or normal breathing.

6. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED): If an AED is available, follow the voice prompts to apply the pads and deliver a shock if advised. Resume CPR immediately after delivering the shock.

7. Rotate: If there is another trained rescuer available, rotate compressors every two minutes to maintain effective CPR.

It's essential to attend certified CPR and first aid training courses to learn and practice these techniques effectively. In Singapore, organizations such as the Singapore Heart Foundation and the Singapore Red Cross Society offer CPR and first aid training programs that follow SRFAC guidelines. Regular retraining and updates are recommended to maintain proficiency in CPR skills and stay informed about any changes in guidelines or protocols.